Effect of the upward curvature of toe springs on walking

Foot stiffening during the push-off phase of human walking is linked to active muscle contraction, and not the windlass mechanism

Test set-up to determine footwear bending stiffness S bending . a

Shoes, sandals with an upward curve around toes may ease movement but can weaken foot muscles, study claims – Firstpost

Shoes with 'toe spring' may increase risk of injury, study finds, Medical research

Curve on shoes makes walking easier, but may lead to foot problems — Harvard Gazette

Magical Shoes -, TOE SPRING EFFECT

Frontiers Effects of different habitual foot strike patterns on in vivo kinematics of the first metatarsophalangeal joint during shod running—a statistical parametric mapping study

Frontiers Effects of different habitual foot strike patterns on in vivo kinematics of the first metatarsophalangeal joint during shod running—a statistical parametric mapping study

Form and function of the human and chimpanzee forefoot: implications for early hominin bipedalism

Shoes with 'toe spring' may increase risk of injury, study finds, Medical research

Barefoot Shoes FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions about Barefoot Shoes